Vision threatening diseases such as diabetic retinopathy (DR) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are often related to ageing. The impact of these diseases on the health care system will only increase.

Within a joint TNO/VU TKI project we will develop techniques to assess the oxygen saturation status of the retinal microvasculature. Reduced blood oxygen levels may lead to hypoxia, one of the key drivers of the formation of new blood vessels. These new blood vessels are often leaky, which leads to complications such as vision loss and blindness. New techniques can help detect the onset of retinal hypoxia sooner. This will allow early therapeutic interventions to prevent vision loss.

In this project, we will develop a multi-color scanning laser ophthalmoscope (mcSLO)-based oximeter. The mcSLO will be a versatile research tool that provides different imaging wavelengths, and different implementations of light delivery and collection to and from the retina. For the image analysis, we will develop novel oximetry algorithms. We will test the system and algorithms on model eyes, where we control the controlled flow velocity and oxygen saturation of the blood. We will perform clinical pilot studies of patients and healthy volunteers, to show variations in retinal oxygenation.

For this project, we are looking for a PhD candidate. You work on the optical instrumentation, the model eye development, the oximetry algorithm development and on the technical and clinical validation. The research takes place at 2 locations, TNO in Delft and VU in Amsterdam. You are a part of the PhD program of the Biomedical Physics Group of the VU, under joint supervision of Prof. dr. A. Amelink and Prof. dr. J.F. de Boer. Together with the team, you present the results on national and international medical and technical conferences, and in relevant journals.

Your duties

• you build the mcSLO system and integrate it with a custom-built high-speed tracking system that allows to compensate for eye motion
• you model light-tissue interactions to optimize the oximetry algorithms, and build model eyes that are required for the validation of the system
• you assist in the clinical pilot studies by operating the hardware and performing the image analysis, under supervision of ophthalmologists
• you write a dissertation leading to a PhD degree towards the end of the 4-year project

• you have a MSc or equivalent degree in (applied) physics or a related field, with a strong interest in biomedical optics
• you have good experimental skills
• you can communicate in English, both verbally and in writing

Fixed-term contract: 1 year.

A challenging position in a socially involved organization. The salary will be in accordance with university regulations for academic personnel and amounts €2,434 (PhD) per month during the first year and increases to €3,111 (PhD) per month during the fourth year, based on a full-time employment. The job profile is based on the university job ranking system and is vacant for at least 1 FTE.

The appointment will initially be for 1 year. After a satisfactory evaluation of the initial appointment, the contract will be extended for a total duration of 4 years.

Additionally, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam offers excellent fringe benefits and various schemes and regulations to promote a good work/life balance, such as:

• a maximum of 41 days of annual leave based on full-time employment
• 8% holiday allowance and 8.3% end-of-year bonus
• child daycare facilities available on campus
• optional model for designing a personalized benefits package

Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam

The ambition of Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam is clear: to contribute to a better world through outstanding education and ground-breaking research. We strive to be a university where personal development and commitment to society play a leading role. A university where people from different disciplines and backgrounds collaborate to achieve innovations and to generate new knowledge. Our teaching and research encompass the entire spectrum of academic endeavor - from the humanities, the social sciences and the natural sciences through to the life sciences and the medical sciences.

Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam is home to more than 26,000 students. We employ over 4,600 individuals. The VU campus is easily accessible and located in the heart of Amsterdam's Zuidas district, a truly inspiring environment for teaching and research.

Diversity
We are an inclusive university community. Diversity is one of our most important values. We believe that engaging in international activities and welcoming students and staff from a wide variety of backgrounds enhances the quality of our education and research. We are always looking for people who can enrich our world with their own unique perspectives and experiences.

The Faculty of Science
The Faculty of Science inspires researchers and students to find sustainable solutions for complex societal issues. From forest fires to big data, from obesity to medicines and from molecules to the moon: our teaching and research programmes cover the full spectrum of the natural sciences. We share knowledge and experience with leading research institutes and industries, both here in the Netherlands and abroad.

Working at the Faculty of Science means working with students, PhD candidates and researchers, all with a clear focus on their field and a broad view of the world. We employ more than 1,250 staff members, and we are home to around 6,000 students.

About the Department of Physics and Astronomy
The Department of Physics and Astronomy at VU Amsterdam offers an active and engaged intellectual community composed of researchers from around the world. Research is focused on four themes: (i) high-energy and gravitational physics, (ii) quantum metrology and laser applications, (iii) physics of life and health, and (iv) physics of photosynthesis and energy. The department is involved in teaching in the programs Physics and Astronomy (joint degree with the University of Amsterdam), Science Business and Innovation, Medical Natural Sciences (all three BSc and MSc), and the BSc program in Mechanical Engineering (together with University of Twente). Furthermore, the department has a strong track record in valorization of its research, including translational research to the clinic (often together with the Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc (on campus) and location AMC), collaborations with industry (e.g. ARCNL), and a thriving startup scene.

About TNO
The Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research TNO is a non-profit R&D center focused on bringing innovations to the market. The Optics expertise group in Delft employs ~60 people from different nationalities and works on societal challenges such as the energy transition, climate control and healthcare in an ageing society. TNO's research in the field of medical devices focuses mainly on innovative photonicsbased diagnostic devices for use in the entire healthcare chain: for home-based health monitoring and prevention, for improved diagnostics at the general practitioner and in hospitals, as well as for therapy effectiveness monitoring.